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curl_url_get(3) libcurl curl_url_get(3)
NAME
curl_url_get - extract a part from a URL
SYNOPSIS
#include <curl/curl.h>
CURLUcode curl_url_get(CURLU *url,
CURLUPart part,
char **content,
unsigned int flags);
DESCRIPTION
Given a url handle of a URL object, this function extracts an individ-
ual piece or the full URL from it.
The part argument specifies which part to extract (see list below) and
content points to a 'char *' to get updated to point to a newly allo-
cated string with the contents.
The flags argument is a bitmask with individual features.
The returned content pointer must be freed with curl_free(3) after use.
FLAGS
The flags argument is zero, one or more bits set in a bitmask.
CURLU_DEFAULT_PORT
If the handle has no port stored, this option makes
curl_url_get(3) return the default port for the used scheme.
CURLU_DEFAULT_SCHEME
If the handle has no scheme stored, this option makes
curl_url_get(3) return the default scheme instead of error.
CURLU_NO_DEFAULT_PORT
Instructs curl_url_get(3) to not return a port number if it
matches the default port for the scheme.
CURLU_URLDECODE
Asks curl_url_get(3) to URL decode the contents before returning
it. It does not decode the scheme, the port number or the full
URL.
The query component also gets plus-to-space conversion as a
bonus when this bit is set.
Note that this URL decoding is charset unaware and you get a
zero terminated string back with data that could be intended for
a particular encoding.
If there are byte values lower than 32 in the decoded string,
the get operation returns an error instead.
CURLU_URLENCODE
If set, curl_url_get(3) URL encodes the host name part when a
full URL is retrieved. If not set (default), libcurl returns the
URL with the host name "raw" to support IDN names to appear as-
is. IDN host names are typically using non-ASCII bytes that oth-
erwise gets percent-encoded.
Note that even when not asking for URL encoding, the '%' (byte
37) is URL encoded to make sure the host name remains valid.
CURLU_PUNYCODE
If set and CURLU_URLENCODE is not set, and asked to retrieve the
CURLUPART_HOST or CURLUPART_URL parts, libcurl returns the host
name in its punycode version if it contains any non-ASCII octets
(and is an IDN name).
If libcurl is built without IDN capabilities, using this bit
makes curl_url_get(3) return CURLUE_LACKS_IDN if the host name
contains anything outside the ASCII range.
(Added in curl 7.88.0)
CURLU_PUNY2IDN
If set and asked to retrieve the CURLUPART_HOST or CURLUPART_URL
parts, libcurl returns the host name in its IDN (International
Domain Name) UTF-8 version if it otherwise is a punycode ver-
sion. If the punycode name cannot be converted to IDN correctly,
libcurl returns CURLUE_BAD_HOSTNAME.
If libcurl is built without IDN capabilities, using this bit
makes curl_url_get(3) return CURLUE_LACKS_IDN if the host name
is using punycode.
(Added in curl 8.3.0)
PARTS
CURLUPART_URL
When asked to return the full URL, curl_url_get(3) returns a
normalized and possibly cleaned up version using all available
URL parts.
We advise using the CURLU_PUNYCODE option to get the URL as
"normalized" as possible since IDN allows host names to be writ-
ten in many different ways that still end up the same punycode
version.
CURLUPART_SCHEME
Scheme cannot be URL decoded on get.
CURLUPART_USER
CURLUPART_PASSWORD
CURLUPART_OPTIONS
The options field is an optional field that might follow the
password in the userinfo part. It is only recognized/used when
parsing URLs for the following schemes: pop3, smtp and imap. The
URL API still allows users to set and get this field indepen-
dently of scheme when not parsing full URLs.
CURLUPART_HOST
The host name. If it is an IPv6 numeric address, the zone id is
not part of it but is provided separately in CURLUPART_ZONEID.
IPv6 numerical addresses are returned within brackets ([]).
IPv6 names are normalized when set, which should make them as
short as possible while maintaining correct syntax.
CURLUPART_ZONEID
If the host name is a numeric IPv6 address, this field might
also be set.
CURLUPART_PORT
A port cannot be URL decoded on get. This number is returned in
a string just like all other parts. That string is guaranteed to
hold a valid port number in ASCII using base 10.
CURLUPART_PATH
The part is always at least a slash ('/') even if no path was
supplied in the URL. A URL path always starts with a slash.
CURLUPART_QUERY
The initial question mark that denotes the beginning of the
query part is a delimiter only. It is not part of the query
contents.
A not-present query returns part set to NULL. A zero-length
query returns part as a zero-length string.
The query part gets pluses converted to space when asked to URL
decode on get with the CURLU_URLDECODE bit.
CURLUPART_FRAGMENT
The initial hash sign that denotes the beginning of the fragment
is a delimiter only. It is not part of the fragment contents.
EXAMPLE
CURLUcode rc;
CURLU *url = curl_url();
rc = curl_url_set(url, CURLUPART_URL, "https://example.com", 0);
if(!rc) {
char *scheme;
rc = curl_url_get(url, CURLUPART_SCHEME, &scheme, 0);
if(!rc) {
printf("the scheme is %s\n", scheme);
curl_free(scheme);
}
curl_url_cleanup(url);
}
AVAILABILITY
Added in 7.62.0. CURLUPART_ZONEID was added in 7.65.0.
RETURN VALUE
Returns a CURLUcode error value, which is CURLUE_OK (0) if everything
went fine. See the libcurl-errors(3) man page for the full list with
descriptions.
If this function returns an error, no URL part is returned.
SEE ALSO
curl_url(3), curl_url_cleanup(3), curl_url_dup(3), curl_url_set(3),
curl_url_strerror(3), CURLOPT_CURLU(3)
libcurl 8.4.0 September 26, 2023 curl_url_get(3)
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