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filter(7) Apple Inc. filter(7)
NAME
filter - cups file conversion filter interface
SYNOPSIS
filter job user title num-copies options [ filename ]
#include <cups/cups.h>
ssize_t cupsBackChannelRead(char *buffer, size_t bytes,
double timeout);
cups_sc_status_t cupsSideChannelDoRequest(cups_sc_command_t command,
char *data, int *datalen,
double timeout);
#include <cups/ppd.h>
const char *cupsGetOption(const char *name, int num_options,
cups_option_t *options);
int cupsMarkOptions(ppd_file_t *ppd, int num_options,
cups_option_t *options);
int cupsParseOptions(const char *arg, int num_options,
cups_option_t **options);
ppd_choice_t *ppdFindMarkedChoice(ppd_file_t *ppd, const char *keyword);
void ppdMarkDefaults(ppd_file_t *ppd);
ppd_file_t *ppdOpenFile(const char *filename);
DESCRIPTION
The CUPS filter interface provides a standard method for adding support
for new document types or printers to CUPS. Each filter is capable of
converting from one or more input formats to another format that can
either be printed directly or piped into another filter to get it to a
printable format.
Filters MUST be capable of reading from a filename on the command-line
or from the standard input, copying the standard input to a temporary
file as required by the file format. All output MUST be sent to the
standard output. Filters MUST NOT attempt to communicate directly with
the printer, other processes, or other services.
The command name (argv[0]) is set to the name of the destination
printer but is also available in the PRINTER environment variable.
OPTIONS
Options are passed in argv[5] and are encoded from the corresponding
IPP attributes used when the job was submitted. Use the cupsParseOp-
tions() function to load the options into a cups_option_t array and the
cupsGetOption() function to get the value of a specific attribute. Be
careful to look for common aliases of IPP attributes such as "land-
scape" for the IPP "orientation-requested" attribute.
Options passed on the command-line typically do not include the default
choices the printer's PPD file. Use the ppdMarkDefaults() and cups-
MarkOptions() functions in the CUPS library to apply the options to the
PPD defaults and map any IPP attributes to the corresponding PPD op-
tions. Use ppdFindMarkedChoice() to get the user-selected choice for a
PPD option. For example, a filter might use the following code to de-
termine the current value of the Duplex PPD option:
ppd_file_t *ppd = ppdOpenFile(getenv("PPD"));
cups_option_t *options = NULL;
int num_options = cupsParseOptions(argv[5], 0, &options);
ppdMarkDefaults(ppd);
cupsMarkOptions(ppd, num_options, options);
ppd_choice_t *choice = ppdFindMarkedChoice(ppd, "Duplex");
Raster filters should use option choices set through the raster page
header, as those reflect the options in effect for a given page. Op-
tions specified on the command-line determine the default values for
the entire job, which can be overridden on a per-page basis.
LOG MESSAGES
Messages sent to the standard error are generally stored in the
printer's "printer-state-message" attribute and the current ErrorLog
file. Each line begins with a standard prefix:
ALERT: message
Sets the "printer-state-message" attribute and adds the specified
message to the current ErrorLog using the "alert" log level.
ATTR: attribute=value [ ... attribute=value]
Sets the named job or printer attribute(s). The following job at-
tributes can be set: "job-media-progress". The following printer
attributes can be set: "auth-info-required", "marker-colors",
"marker-high-levels", "marker-levels", "marker-low-levels",
"marker-message", "marker-names", "marker-types", "printer-alert",
and "printer-alert-description".
CRIT: message
Sets the "printer-state-message" attribute and adds the specified
message to the current ErrorLog using the "critical" log level.
DEBUG: message
Adds the specified message to the current ErrorLog using the "de-
bug" log level. DEBUG messages are never stored in the "printer-
state-message" attribute.
DEBUG2: message
Adds the specified message to the current ErrorLog using the "de-
bug2" log level. DEBUG2 messages are never stored in the
"printer-state-message" attribute.
EMERG: message
Sets the "printer-state-message" attribute and adds the specified
message to the current ErrorLog using the "emergency" log level.
ERROR: message
Sets the "printer-state-message" attribute and adds the specified
message to the current ErrorLog using the "error" log level.
INFO: message
Sets the "printer-state-message" attribute. If the current
LogLevel is set to "debug2", also adds the specified message to
the current ErrorLog using the "info" log level.
NOTICE: message
Sets the "printer-state-message" attribute and adds the specified
message to the current ErrorLog using the "notice" log level.
PAGE: page-number #-copies
PAGE: total #-pages
Adds an entry to the current PageLog. The first form adds #-copies
to the "job-media-sheets-completed" attribute. The second form
sets the "job-media-sheets-completed" attribute to #-pages.
PPD: Keyword=Value [ ... KeywordN=Value ]
Sets the named keywords in the printer's PPD file. This is typi-
cally used to update default option keywords such as DefaultPage-
Size and the various installable options in the PPD file.
STATE: printer-state-reason [ ... printer-state-reason ]
STATE: + printer-state-reason [ ... printer-state-reason ]
STATE: - printer-state-reason [ ... printer-state-reason ]
Sets, adds, or removes "printer-state-reason" keywords for the
current queue. Typically this is used to indicate media, ink, and
toner conditions on a printer.
WARNING: message
Sets the "printer-state-message" attribute and adds the specified
message to the current ErrorLog using the "warning" log level.
ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
The following environment variables are defined by the CUPS server when
executing the filter:
CHARSET
The default text character set, typically "utf-8".
CLASS
When a job is submitted to a printer class, contains the name of
the destination printer class. Otherwise this environment variable
will not be set.
CONTENT_TYPE
The MIME media type associated with the submitted job file, for
example "application/postscript".
CUPS_CACHEDIR
The directory where semi-persistent cache files can be found and
stored.
CUPS_DATADIR
The directory where data files can be found.
CUPS_FILETYPE
The type of file being printed: "job-sheet" for a banner page and
"document" for a regular print file.
CUPS_MAX_MESSAGE
The maximum size of a message sent to stderr, including any lead-
ing prefix and the trailing newline.
CUPS_SERVERROOT
The root directory of the server.
FINAL_CONTENT_TYPE
The MIME media type associated with the output destined for the
printer, for example "application/vnd.cups-postscript".
LANG The default language locale (typically C or en).
PATH The standard execution path for external programs that may be run
by the filter.
PPD The full pathname of the PostScript Printer Description (PPD) file
for this printer.
PRINTER
The name of the printer.
RIP_CACHE
The recommended amount of memory to use for Raster Image Proces-
sors (RIPs).
SOFTWARE
The name and version number of the server (typically CUPS/ma-
jor.minor).
TZ The timezone of the server.
USER The user executing the filter, typically "lp" or "root"; consult
the cups-files.conf file for the current setting.
CONFORMING TO
While the filter interface is compatible with System V interface
scripts, CUPS does not support System V interface scripts.
NOTES
CUPS filters are not meant to be run directly by the user. Aside from
the legacy System V interface issues (argv[0] is the printer name),
CUPS filters also expect specific environment variables and file de-
scriptors, and typically run in a user session that (on macOS) has ad-
ditional restrictions that affect how it runs. Unless you are a devel-
oper and know what you are doing, please do not run filters directly.
Instead, use the cupsfilter(8) program to use the appropriate filters
to do the conversions you need.
SEE ALSO
backend(7), cups(1), cups-files.conf(5), cupsd(8), cupsfilter(8),
CUPS Online Help (http://localhost:631/help)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright (C) 2007-2017 by Apple Inc.
19 October 2015 CUPS filter(7)
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